Lead-acid and Lithium-ion phosphate solar batteries
Lead-acid and lithium-ion phosphate are two of the most popular solar batteries. Most people use one of these batteries to store excess solar energy generated by rooftop solar system.
The lead-acid is the first solar battery that was used in storing energy generated by rooftop solar system. Since it was invented a long time ago, there have been a lot of changes and upgrades in this type of solar battery.
When it comes to lead-acid solar battery, there are two types. One is sealed lead-acid batteries and another is flooded lead-acid batteries. As the name suggests, sealed lead-acid batteries are sealed specially. Thus, they release a reduced amount of toxic gas in the environment while getting charged.
On the other hand, a flooded lead acid solar battery does not have such features. A flooded lead-acid battery is similar to a traditional car battery. The only difference is that this battery is much bigger than a car battery.
Unlike lead-acid batteries, a lithium iron phosphate battery is relatively new. This type of solar battery was invented much later than lead-acid batteries. However, there have been many developments and changes in this type of solar battery as well.
Some features of lithium-ion solar batteries make them better than lead-acid solar batteries. Firstly, these batteries have a longer lifespan than lead-acid solar batteries.

Secondly, these batteries require lesser maintenance than lead-acid batteries. Thus, the maintenance cost is reduced considerably in this type of solar battery. Thirdly, lithium-ion solar batteries are lightweight and compact as compared to lead-acid solar batteries.
Mostly, this type of solar battery is used in operating e-bikes and e-cars. It is because these require less maintenance and provide a good amount of energy to the vehicles.
Flow batteries and Nickel-cadmium solar batteries
Even though flow batteries and nickel-cadmium solar batteries are not as popular in the market, recent developments and upgrades in these batteries have led to a rise in demand for these batteries.
A flow battery is much newer than lead-acid and lithium-ion batteries. Even though constant changes are happening in this type of solar battery, many users prefer a flow battery to store solar energy.
There are several reasons why people want to use a flow battery to store excess solar energy despite its initial stage. Firstly, this type of solar battery has a 100% depth of discharge. Thus, a user can use the entire amount of solar energy stored in this battery.
Secondly, this type of solar battery is non-toxic. Thus, it does not harm the environment in any way. People who prefer environmental-friendly things, go for this type of solar battery.

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The nickel-cadmium solar battery is popular for operating in extreme conditions. This type of solar battery can operate efficiently even at extreme temperatures without damaging the stored energy. Thus, people who work in extreme conditions prefer this type of solar battery.
However, this type of solar battery also generates a high amount of toxicity. Hence, these batteries pollute the air and the environment. Due to this reason, most people do not prefer nickel cadmium solar batteries.